The Role of Indigenous Institutions in Conflict Resolution with Particular Emphasis on Siiqqee Practices: The Case of Kelem Wallaga Zone, Oromia
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Abstract
The major purpose of this study deals with Indigenous institutions developed for guiding the social, political, economic and religious life in Kelem Wollega Zone, with particular emphasis on the role of Siiqqee institution, in conflict resolution among individuals and communities. There are various indigenous dispute settlement institutions among Oromo communities in Kelem Wollega Zone such as jaarsummaa, Gumaa system, Siiqqee Institution, Qaalluu system, Moggaasaa, Guddifachaa and dispute settlement among different religious institutions. However, this study is delimited to explore the role of indigenous institutions in conflict Resolution at Kelem Wollega Zone only, because the researchers has been teaching at Dambi Dollo University at present time. As an institution Siiqqee represents the over all aspects of Oromo women. In order to realize this intended objective, methodologically the study were employed qualitative research approach which enables the researchers to have an understanding of the nature of disputes in the study area and how they are resolved through indigenous means. Relevant data for this study were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Tools such as key informant interview, focus group discussion, case study and pilot observation were utilized for collecting primary data depending on the objectives of the study. Secondary data were gathered from published and unpublished, articles, journals, books, MA thesis and PHD dissertations and the internet. These secondary sources helped to secure information on historical background of the people in the study area and to explore the role of indigenous institutions in conflict resolution. The interview was conducted in Afaan Oromo and it was audio recorded after informants consent was gained. The data obtained from both primary and secondary sources were organized thematically and analyzed qualitatively. Furthermore, the finding indicate that, as an institution of conflict resolution, Siiqqee resolve conflict between different social groups, like between spouse, between mother and son, between the Oromo and different ethnic groups and so on. Women are considered as peace makers and respected by all members of the community. In this regard, the findings of this study confirm the idea of structural functionalism and symbolic interpretation theory. The general emphasis of this study specifically focused among Oromo Communities, by emphasizing on the role of Indigenous institutions as mechanisms of conflict resolution in Kelem Wollega Zone of Oromia national regional state.